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Past Perfect Continuous (trajni predpreteklik)

Past Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous opisuje dejanje, ki je potekalo nekaj časa pred drugim dejanjem ali trenutkom v preteklosti. Tvorimo ga s had been + verb-ing. Poudarja trajanje prejšnjega dejanja, ki je takrat potekalo.

KDAJ UPORABITI

Uporabljaj ga, ko želiš poudariti, kako dolgo je dejanje trajalo do določene točke v preteklosti. Uporabljamo ga tudi za razlago vzroka preteklih okoliščin.

STRUKTURA

positiveS+had been+V-ing

She had been studying for three hours before the exam.

Pred izpitom **se je učila** tri ure.

negativeS+hadn't been+V-ing

They hadn't been waiting long when the bus arrived.

**Niso** še dolgo **čakali**, ko je prišel avtobus.

questionHad+S+been+V-ing?

Had you been working there long before you quit?

**Ali si** tam dolgo **delal**, preden si dal odpoved?

SIGNALNE BESEDE

for
since
before
until
all day
how long

PRIMERI

He had been driving for six hours when he finally stopped.
**Vozil je** že šest ur, ko se je končno ustavil.
I had been waiting for an hour before she arrived.
**Čakal sem** že eno uro, preden je prišla.
They were exhausted because they had been running.
Bili so izčrpani, ker **so tekli**.
She had been learning French for years before she moved to Paris.
Francoščino **se je učila** že leta, preden se je preselila v Pariz.
Had it been raining when you left?
**Ali je deževalo**, ko si odšel?

PRAVOPISNA PRAVILA

Večina glagolov	dodaj -ing	wait → waiting, run → running
Konča se na nemi -e	odstrani -e, dodaj -ing	drive → driving, write → writing
Kratek glagol, ki se konča na soglasnik-samoglasnik-soglasnik	podvoji končni soglasnik + -ing	sit → sitting, swim → swimming

POGOSTE NAPAKE

I had waited for an hour before she arrived.

I had been waiting for an hour before she arrived.

Za poudarek trajanja dejanja pred trenutkom v preteklosti uporabi Past Perfect Continuous (had been + V-ing), ne Past Perfect (had + V3)

She had been knowing him for years before they married.

She had known him for years before they married.

Glagoli stanja nimajo trajnih oblik, zato namesto tega uporabi Past Perfect

Nasvet

Predstavljaj si ga kot preteklost preteklosti s trajanjem. Če Past Perfect (had done) pomeni 'pred tem', potem Past Perfect Continuous (had been doing) pomeni 'pred tem je to počel že nekaj časa'. Trajni del = trajanje.