VocabNoteFuture Perfect (predprihodnjik)
Future Perfect
Future Perfect opisuje dejanje, ki bo končano pred določenim trenutkom v prihodnosti. Tvorimo ga z will have + past participle. Pogosto ga uporabljamo z 'by' + čas v prihodnosti.
KDAJ UPORABITI
Uporabljaj ga za dejanje, ki bo končano pred določenim časom ali pred drugim dejanjem v prihodnosti. Pogosto z 'by', 'by the time' ali 'before'.
STRUKTURA
S+will have+V3/V-edBy next year, I will have finished my degree.
Do prihodnjega leta **bom končal** študij.
S+won't have+V3/V-edShe won't have arrived by 6 PM.
Do šestih zvečer **ne bo** še **prispela**.
Will+S+have+V3/V-ed?Will you have eaten by the time I get home?
**Ali boš** že **jedel**, ko pridem domov?
SIGNALNE BESEDE
- by
- by the time
- before
- by then
- by next year
- by tomorrow
PRIMERI
By 2030, technology will have changed dramatically.
Do leta 2030 **se bo** tehnologija močno **spremenila**.
She will have graduated by next June.
Do junija prihodnjega leta **bo** že **diplomirala**.
Will they have finished the project by Friday?
**Ali bodo** projekt **končali** do petka?
I won't have completed the report by tonight.
Poročila do nocoj **ne bom dokončal**.
By the time you arrive, we will have left.
Ko boš prišel, **bomo** že **odšli**.
PRAVOPISNA PRAVILA
| Pravilni glagoli | dodaj -ed za pretekli deležnik | finish → finished, work → worked |
|---|---|---|
| Konča se na -e | dodaj -d | arrive → arrived, live → lived |
| Nepravilni glagoli | uporabi obliko V3 | eat → eaten, write → written, go → gone |
POGOSTE NAPAKE
By next year, I will finish my degree.
By next year, I will have finished my degree.
Za dejanje, končano pred določenim časom v prihodnosti, uporabi will have + V3, ne will + V
By the time you will arrive, we will have left.
By the time you arrive, we will have left.
Za 'by the time' uporabi present simple, ne prihodnjika; enako pravilo velja za druge časovne odvisnike
Nasvet
Preizkusi ga z 'by + time': če lahko rečeš 'by [neka točka v prihodnosti], X will be done', je Future Perfect pravi izbor. Ključno je, da je dejanje končano PRED to točko, ne V njej.