VocabNoteNeupravni govor
Reported Speech
Neupravni govor (na engleskom reported speech ili indirect speech) koristi se kada prenosimo ono što je netko rekao, a da ne navodimo njegove točne riječi. Glagolska vremena obično se pomiču jedan korak unatrag (sadašnje → prošlo, prošlo → Past Perfect). Mijenjaju se i zamjenice i vremenski izrazi. Glagoli kojima prenosimo tuđe riječi su, primjerice, said, told, asked i explained.
KADA KORISTITI
Neupravni govor koristi kada nekome prenosiš što je druga osoba rekla, pitala ili mislila, bez navođenja njezinih točnih riječi. Vrlo je čest u pripovijedanju, novinskim vijestima i opisivanju razgovora.
STRUKTURA
S+said (that)+past tense clauseShe said that she was tired.
Ona **je rekla da je umorna**.
S+told+object+(that)+past tense clauseHe told me he hadn't eaten anything.
**Rekao mi je** da **nije** ništa **jeo**.
S+asked+(object)+if/whether / wh-word+past clauseThey asked if I could help them.
**Pitali su** me **mogu li** im pomoći.
SIGNALNE RIJEČI
- said
- told
- asked
- explained
- mentioned
- replied
- admitted
- promised
PRIMJERI
She said that she was tired.
Ona **je rekla da je** umorna.
He told me he had already eaten.
**Rekao** mi je da **je** već **jeo**.
They asked if I could help them.
**Pitali su** me **mogu li** im pomoći.
She said she would come the next day.
**Rekla je** da **će doći** sljedeći dan.
He admitted that he had made a mistake.
**Priznao je** da **je pogriješio**.
ČESTE POGREŠKE
She said me that she was tired.
She told me that she was tired.
Koristi 'told + objekt'. Iza 'said' ne može izravno doći osoba ('said me' je pogrešno).
He asked where did she live.
He asked where she lived.
U neupravnim pitanjima koristi uobičajeni red riječi (subjekt + glagol), a ne red riječi kao u pitanju
Savjet
Pravilo pomicanja vremena unatrag: present simple → past simple, present continuous → past continuous, will → would, can → could, past simple → past perfect. Mijenjaju se i: 'today' → 'that day', 'tomorrow' → 'the next day', 'here' → 'there'.