Pasiv (jednostavna vremena)

Passive Voice (Simple)

Pasiv se koristi kada je radnja važnija od toga tko je vrši ili kada je vršitelj radnje nepoznat ili očit. U pasivu objekt aktivne rečenice postaje subjekt. Struktura je: subjekt + am/is/are/was/were + prošli particip (+ by + vršitelj radnje).

KADA KORISTITI

Pasiv koristi kada je radnja važnija od vršitelja, kada je vršitelj nepoznat, očit ili nevažan, ili u formalnom i akademskom pisanju kako bi tekst zvučao objektivnije.

STRUKTURA

positiveS+am/is/are/was/were+past participle (+ by agent)

The report was written by the manager.

Izvješće **je napisao** voditelj.

negativeS+am/is/are/was/were+not+past participle

The letter wasn't signed by anyone.

Pismo **nije potpisao** nitko.

questionAm/Is/Are/Was/Were+S+past participle?

Was the cake made from scratch?

**Je li** torta **napravljena** od nule?

SIGNALNE RIJEČI

by
is made
was built
were told
has been stolen
will be announced

PRIMJERI

The Eiffel Tower was built in 1889.
Eiffelov toranj **sagrađen je** 1889. godine.
English is spoken all over the world.
Engleski **se govori** u cijelom svijetu.
The report was written by the manager.
Izvješće **je napisao** voditelj.
Mistakes were made.
**Napravljene su** pogreške.
The winner will be announced tomorrow.
Pobjednik **će biti proglašen** sutra.

ČESTE POGREŠKE

The car was crashed by a truck.

The car was hit by a truck.

Nije gramatička pogreška, ali 'crashed' je u ovom značenju obično neprijelazan glagol. Pazi koji glagoli mogu biti u pasivu.

The cake was baked by my mother baked it.

The cake was baked by my mother.

U pasivnim konstrukcijama ne ponavljaj subjekt ni glagol

Savjet

Kako aktivnu rečenicu pretvoriti u pasivnu: objekt postaje subjekt, glagol postaje 'be + past participle', a izvorni subjekt (ako ga zadržiš) dolazi iza 'by'. Aktiv: 'The chef cooked the meal.' → Pasiv: 'The meal was cooked by the chef.'