Indirekte tale

Reported Speech

Indirekte tale (på engelsk reported speech eller indirect speech) bruges til at gengive, hvad nogen har sagt, uden at bruge deres præcise ord. Tiderne rykker som regel ét trin tilbage (present → past, past → past perfect). Pronominer og tidsudtryk ændres også. Typiske verber til at gengive tale er said, told, asked og explained.

HVORNÅR DET BRUGES

Brug indirekte tale til at fortælle andre, hvad en person har sagt, spurgt om eller tænkt – uden at citere de præcise ord. Det er meget almindeligt, når man fortæller historier, i nyhedsformidling og når man beskriver samtaler.

STRUKTUR

positiveS+said (that)+past tense clause

She said that she was tired.

Hun **sagde, at** hun **var træt**.

negativeS+told+object+(that)+past tense clause

He told me he hadn't eaten anything.

Han **fortalte mig**, at han **ikke havde spist** noget.

questionS+asked+(object)+if/whether / wh-word+past clause

They asked if I could help them.

De **spurgte, om** jeg **kunne** hjælpe dem.

SIGNALORD

said
told
asked
explained
mentioned
replied
admitted
promised

EKSEMPLER

She said that she was tired.
Hun **sagde, at** hun **var** træt.
He told me he had already eaten.
Han **fortalte** mig, at han **allerede havde spist**.
They asked if I could help them.
De **spurgte**, om jeg **kunne** hjælpe dem.
She said she would come the next day.
Hun **sagde**, at hun **ville komme** dagen efter.
He admitted that he had made a mistake.
Han **indrømmede**, at han **havde begået** en fejl.

ALMINDELIGE FEJL

She said me that she was tired.

She told me that she was tired.

Brug 'told + object'. 'Said' kan ikke efterfølges direkte af en person ('said me' er forkert).

He asked where did she live.

He asked where she lived.

I indirekte spørgsmål bruges almindelig ordstilling (subjekt + verbum) – ikke spørgeordstilling

Tip

Reglen om tidsforskydning: present simple → past simple, present continuous → past continuous, will → would, can → could, past simple → past perfect. Ændr også: 'today' → 'that day', 'tomorrow' → 'the next day', 'here' → 'there'.