第二条件文
Second Conditional
第二条件文は現在または未来の仮定や非現実的な状況を表します。想像上のシナリオや丁寧な助言に使います。構造:If + 過去形、would + 原形。フォーマルな英語では "was" の代わりに "were" がよく使われます。
使い方
現在や未来における想像上の、仮定の、またはあり得ないような状況に使います。丁寧な助言の表現でもよく使われます("If I were you, I would…")。
構造
If + past simple, would + base verbIf I had more money, I would travel the world.
**もし**もっとお金が**あれば**、世界を**旅するのに**。
If + past simple, wouldn't + base verbIf she liked spicy food, she wouldn't avoid it.
**もし**辛い食べ物が**好きなら**、**避けないのに**。
What would S + do if + past simple?What would you do if you lost your job?
仕事を**失ったら**、**どうしますか**?
合図となる単語
- if
- would
- could
- might
- imagine if
- what if
例文
If I had more money, I would travel the world.
**もし**もっとお金が**あれば**、世界を**旅するのに**。
What would you do if you lost your job?
仕事を**失ったら**、**どうしますか**?
If I were you, I would apologize to her.
**もし私があなたなら**、彼女に**謝るのに**。
She would be happier if she had more free time.
**もっと自由な時間があれば**、彼女はもっと**幸せだろう**。
If I spoke French, I would apply for that job in Paris.
**もしフランス語が話せたら**、パリでのあの仕事に**応募するのに**。
よくある間違い
If I would have more money, I would travel.
If I had more money, I would travel.
if 節では過去形を使います — "would" ではありません
If I was you, I would leave.
If I were you, I would leave.
フォーマルな英語では、第二条件文ですべての主語に "were" を使います。特に "I were you"
ヒント
第二条件文の鍵:両方とも現在、非現実的/あり得ない話。"If I had a million dollars" = 持っていない。"I would buy a house" = 買っていない。全部想像上の話!