KalaLanjutan

Future Perfect Continuous

Future Perfect Continuous menggambarkan tindakan yang berterusan untuk satu tempoh masa sehingga saat tertentu pada masa hadapan. Dibentuk dengan will have been + V-ing. Ia memberi tumpuan kepada tempoh, jadi biasanya digunakan bersama "for" + tempoh masa dan "by" + satu titik masa hadapan.

BILA DIGUNAKAN

Gunakan untuk menyatakan berapa lama sesuatu tindakan telah berlangsung menjelang satu masa tertentu pada masa hadapan, atau untuk menerangkan hasil pada masa hadapan melalui aktiviti yang membawa kepadanya. Biasa digunakan dengan "for … by", "by the time" dan "by then".

STRUKTUR

positiveS+will have been+V-ing

By June, I will have been working here for ten years.

Menjelang Jun, saya **sudah bekerja** di sini selama sepuluh tahun.

negativeS+won't have been+V-ing

She won't have been waiting long when the bus arrives.

Dia **belum lama menunggu** apabila bas tiba nanti.

questionWill+S+have been+V-ing?

How long will you have been studying English by the end of this year?

Menjelang akhir tahun ini, sudah berapa lama anda **belajar** bahasa Inggeris?

PERKATAAN ISYARAT

for
by
by the time
by then
by next month
how long

CONTOH

By the time you arrive, I will have been cooking for three hours.
Apabila anda sampai nanti, saya **sudah memasak** selama tiga jam.
In May, they will have been living in Hanoi for five years.
Pada bulan Mei nanti, mereka **sudah tinggal** di Hanoi selama lima tahun.
He'll be exhausted because he will have been driving all night.
Dia akan keletihan kerana **telah memandu** sepanjang malam.
Will she have been working here long when she retires?
**Adakah** dia **sudah lama bekerja** di sini apabila dia bersara nanti?
We won't have been walking for long when the sun sets.
Kami **belum lama berjalan** apabila matahari terbenam nanti.

PERATURAN EJAAN

Kebanyakan kata kerja	tambah -ing	work → working, wait → waiting
Berakhir dengan -e senyap	buang -e, tambah -ing	drive → driving, live → living
Kata kerja pendek berakhir dengan konsonan-vokal-konsonan	gandakan konsonan akhir + -ing	run → running, swim → swimming

KESILAPAN BIASA

By next year, I will be working here for ten years.

By next year, I will have been working here for ten years.

Untuk menunjukkan tempoh sehingga satu titik masa hadapan, gunakan will have been + V-ing, bukan will be + V-ing

By the time she retires, she will have been knowing him for 40 years.

By the time she retires, she will have known him for 40 years.

Kata kerja statif seperti know, own dan believe tidak menggunakan bentuk continuous. Gunakan future perfect (will have + V3) sebagai gantinya

By the time we will get there, they will have been playing for an hour.

By the time we get there, they will have been playing for an hour.

Selepas "by the time", gunakan present simple, bukan "will"

Petua

Tanya "berapa lama, menjelang masa itu?". Jika jawapannya ialah satu tempoh yang berterusan sehingga satu saat pada masa hadapan (for two hours by 6 PM), gunakan will have been + V-ing. Jika anda hanya mementingkan sesuatu sudah siap menjelang masa itu, gunakan future perfect (will have + V3).