VremenaSrednji

Present Perfect Continuous

Present Perfect Continuous naglašava trajanje radnje koja je počela u prošlosti i još traje ili je tek nedavno prestala. Tvori se s have/has been + glagol s nastavkom -ing. Usmjeren je na proces, a ne na rezultat.

KADA KORISTITI

Koristi ga za radnju koja je počela u prošlosti i još je u tijeku ili je tek nedavno završila, a njezine se posljedice vide. Često se koristi uz 'for' (trajanje) i 'since' (početna točka).

STRUKTURA

positiveS+have/has been+V-ing

I have been studying English for five years.

Engleski **učim** već pet godina.

negativeS+haven't/hasn't been+V-ing

She hasn't been sleeping well lately.

Ona u posljednje vrijeme **ne spava** dobro.

questionHave/Has+S+been+V-ing?

Have you been waiting long?

**Čekaš li** već dugo?

SIGNALNE RIJEČI

for
since
all day
all morning
lately
recently
how long

PRIMJERI

I have been working here since 2020.
Ovdje **radim** od 2020.
They have been playing football for two hours.
**Igraju** nogomet već dva sata.
Has it been raining all day?
**Pada li** kiša cijeli dan?
She has been learning Spanish for six months.
Ona **uči** španjolski već šest mjeseci.
We haven't been waiting very long.
**Nismo** baš dugo **čekali**.

PRAVOPISNA PRAVILA

Većina glagola	dodaj -ing	work → working, study → studying
Završava na nijemi -e	izbaci -e, dodaj -ing	write → writing, live → living
Kratki glagol koji završava na suglasnik-samoglasnik-suglasnik	udvostruči završni suglasnik + -ing	run → running, swim → swimming

ČESTE POGREŠKE

I am studying English for five years.

I have been studying English for five years.

Za trajanje od prošlosti do sada koristi Present Perfect Continuous, a ne Present Continuous

She has been knowing him for years.

She has known him for years.

Glagoli stanja (know, love, believe) obično nemaju trajni oblik; umjesto toga koristi Present Perfect

Savjet

'For' koristi s duljinom trajanja (for two hours, for five years), a 'since' s početnom točkom (since 2020, since Monday). Ako radnja još traje I važno ti je koliko dugo, koristi Present Perfect Continuous.